In this section, Today we will see about DHCP configuration in Routers. As in many organisations, They don’t have dedicated servers to do this. Here today we will see example and basic commands to configure DHCP.
Here I am using Maipu Routers to show you, Cisco is same.
When a network is large, it is hard to manage the network. For example, the frequent problem in the network where IP addresses are distributed manually is IP address conflict. The only method to resolve the problem is to distribute IP addresses to clients dynamically.
DHCP distributes an address from an address pool to the host that requests an address. DHCP also provides other information, such as gateway IP and DNS server. The purpose of designing DHCP is not to provide the diskless workstation with boot information, but to reduce the burden of distributing IP addresses manually for a manager. DHCP can accomplish the work of distributing addresses.
| Command | Description | Config mode |
| ip dhcp pool | *To configure DHCP address pool | config |
| ip dhcp excluded-address | *To exclude some addresses in the DHCP address pool | config |
| ip dhcp arp-proxy-ipaddr | *To configure the address of the remote customer surrogated by the gateway | config |
| ip dhcp-server | *To configure DHCP relay address | config |
| ip dhcp ping | To configure DHCP ping detecting parameters | config |
| ip dhcp service | To enable and disable the DHCP server function | config |
| ip dhcp route-distance | To configure the route management distance | config |
| ip dhcp arp-binding | To configure the static ARP binding when the DHCP address pool distributes addresses | config |
| Network | To configure DHCP address range-network segment | dhcp-config |
| Range | *To configure DHCP address range-IP segment | dhcp-config |
| Host | To configure DHCP address range-host | dhcp-config |
| hardware-address | The command is used to configure the hardware address bound to the host of the customer. | dhcp-config |
| client-identifier | To configure the client ID of the DHCP host address pool used to match the client ID | dhcp-config |
| server-identifier | To configure DHCP server ID | dhcp-config |
| ip address dhcp | *To configure the DHCP client | config-if-×× |
| default-router | *To configure the default route distributed to the client | dhcp-config |
| dns-server | *To configure the DNS server address distributed to the client | dhcp-config |
| domain-name | To configure the domain name distributed to the client | dhcp-config |
| netbios-name-server | To configure the NETBIOS server address distributed to the client | dhcp-config |
| Lease | To configure the lease of the IP address distributed to the client | dhcp-config |
| Vrf | To configure the VRF attribute of the DHCP address pool | dhcp-config |
| Option | To configure the DHCP option | dhcp-config |
- ip dhcp pool
The command is used to configure the address pool at the server, which is used to distribute addresses. The no format of the command is used to delete an address pool.
ip dhcp pool word
no ip dhcp pool word
| Syntax | Description |
| Word | To specify the name of the address pool |
Default status: There is no address pool and no DHCP server function.
- ip dhcp excluded-address
The command is used to set the addresses that are prohibited from being distributed in the address pool. The no format of the command is used to restore the prohibited addresses.
ip dhcp excluded-address low ip address high ip address
no ip dhcp excluded-address low ip address high ip address
| Syntax | Description |
| low ip address | The low address in the prohibited addresses |
| high ip address | The high address in the prohibited addresses |
Default status: There are no prohibited addresses.
- ip dhcp arp-proxy-ipaddr
The command is used for DHCP over IPsec to configure the address information of the remote customers surrogated by the gateway. The no format of the command is used to cancel the configured address information of the remote customers.
ip dhcp arp-proxy-ipaddr ip-address mac-address
no ip dhcp arp-proxy-ipaddr ip-address mac-address
| Syntax | Description |
| ip-address | The IP address of the remote customer |
| mac-address | The MAC address of the remote address |
Default status: The address information of the remote customer is not configured.
- ip dhcp-server
The command is used to configure the router as the DHCP relay proxy. The no format of the command is used to cancel the relay proxy function.
ip dhcp-server ip-address [vrf vrf-name]
no ip dhcp-server ip-address [vrf vrf-name]
| Syntax | Description |
| ip-address | To specify the address of the DHCP server |
| Vrf-name | To specify which VRF the DHCP relay belongs to |
Default status: The router does not serve as the DHCP relay proxy.
- ip dhcp route-distance
The command is used to configure the route management distance.
ip dhcp route-distance distance
| Syntax | Description |
| Distance | Specify the management distance when DHCP distributes the default route |
Default status: By default, the management distance is 254 and the value range is 1-254.
- ip dhcp arp-binding
The command is used to configure the static ARP binding when the DHCP address pool distributes addresses.
Default status: By default, do not enable the ARP static binding function.
- ip dhcp ping
The command is used to configure the parameters of the ping when the DHCP server performs the validity check on the distributed addresses. The no format of the command is used to cancel the set parameters.
ip dhcp ping packets count
ip dhcp ping timeout millisecond
no ip dhcp ping packets
no ip dhcp ping timeout
| Syntax | Description |
| Count | The number of the ping packets when the server performs the validity check on the addresses; the value range is 0-10 |
| Millisecond | The timeout of all ping packets when server performs the validity check on the addresses; the value range is 50-5000ms |
Default status: By default, the number of ping packets is 1; the timeout is 50ms; the packet has 76 bytes.
- network
The command is used to define the addresses to be distributed in the address pool. The no format of the command is used to delete the addresses in the address pool.
network ip-address [network- mask]
no network
| Syntax | Description |
| ip-address | To set the subnet address of the address pool |
| network mask | To set the subnet mask of the address pool; if it is not set, the default mask depends on the IP address type. |
Default status: There are no addresses that can be distributed in the address pool.
Note
The command cannot be used with host and range at the same time in one address pool. If you want, first delete the previous addresses.
- range
The command is used to configure the range of the addresses that can be distributed in the address pool. The no format of the command is used to delete the addresses that can be distributed.
range low- ip-address high- ip- address [network- mask]
no range
| Syntax | Description |
| low-ip-address | The low address in the addresses that can be distributed |
| high-ip-address | The high address in the addresses that can be distributed |
| network mask | The subnet mask of the address |
Default status: There are no addresses that can be distributed in the address pool.
Note
The command cannot be used with network and host at the same time in one address pool. If you want, first delete the previous addresses.
- host
The command is used to bind a fixed address for the host of the customer. The no format of the command is used to delete the bound address.
host ip-address [network- mask]
no host
| Syntax | Description |
| ip-address | The IP address bound to the host of the customer |
| network mask | The subnet mask of the bound address |
Default status: There is no bound address.
Note
The command cannot be used with network and range at the same time in one address pool. If you want, first delete the previous addresses.
The command must be used with hardware-address or client-identifier at the same time.
- hardware-address
The command is used to configure the hardware address bound to the host of the customer. The no format of the command is used to clear up the binding.
hardware-address hardware-address
no hardware-address
| Syntax | Description |
| hardware-address | The hardware address bound to the host of the customer |
Default status: There is no hardware address bound to the host of the customer.
Note
The command is alternative only with the client-identifier command.
- client-identifier
The command is used to configure the client-identifier bound to the host of the customer. The no format of the command is used to clear up he binding.
client-identifier word
no client-identifier
| Syntax | Description |
| word | The client-identifier bound to the customer |
Default status: There is no ID bound to the customer.
Note
The command is alternative only with the hardware-address command.
- server-identifier
The command is used to bind the local interface used by the server. The no format of the command is used to clear up the binding.
server-identifier interface int_name
no server-identifier
| Syntax | Description |
| int_name | The bound local interface name |
Default status: There is no bound interface name.
Note
The server ID must be specified in the application of DHCP over IPsec.
- default-router
The command is used to configure the default gateway of the host of the customer. The no format of the command is used to delete the default gateway parameters of the host.
default-router ip-address
no default-router
| Syntax | Description |
| ip-address | The default gateway address of the host |
Default status: The default gateway address parameter of the host is not provided.
- dns-server
The command is used to configure the DNS server address of the host of the customer. The no format of the command is used to delete the DNS server address to be provided.
dns-server {ip-address|auto-config}
no dns-server [auto-config]
| Syntax | Description |
| ip-address | The DNS server address for configuring the host |
| auto-config | Configure the system DNS of the server as the DNS server address of the host |
Default status: The DNS server address parameter of the host is not provided.
Note
Only one of auto-config and ipaddr takes effect.
- domain-name
The command is used to configure the DNS server name of the host of the customer. The no format of the command is used to delete the configured DNS server name of the host.
domain-name word
no domain-name
| Syntax | Description |
| word | The DNS server name of the host |
Default status: The DNS server name parameter of the host is not provided.
- netbios-name-server
The command is used to configure netbios-name server address for the customer. The no format of the command is used to delete the netbios-name server address.
netbios-name-server ip-address
no netbios-name-server
| Syntax | Description |
| ip-address | To configure netbios-name server address |
Default status: The netbios-name server address parameter is not provided.
- ip address dhcp
The command is used by the client to apply for the IP address. The no format of the command is used to stop the lease of the address.
ip address dhcp
no ip address dhcp
Default status: Do not apply for the DHCP client address.
- vrf
The command is used to specify the VRF attribute of the DHCP address pool. The no format of the command is used to delete the VRF attribute.
vrf vrf-name
no vrf
| Syntax | Description |
| vrf | To configure the VRF attribute of the address pool. |
Default status: By default, the DHCP address pool belongs to the global VRF.
Note
The addresses in different VRF address pools can overlap.
- option
The command is used to specify the option of the DHCP address pool. The no format of the command is used to delete the option.
option <0-254> {ascii optionString | instance <0-255> ascii optionString}
no option <0-254>
| Syntax | Description |
| 0-254 | Configure the option ID |
| optionString | The option value |
Default status: By default, DHCP address pool does not have the option configuration.
Note
1. Currently, only OPTION 43 and 60 are supported. The sub options of option 43 only support 1 and 2; option 60 can take effect only when being configured as ” dslforum.org”.
2. Option 43 is the information (vendor specific information) specified by the device provider. Option 60 is the Vendor class Identifier of the device provider; 1 in option 43 means URL of the ACS server mentioned by TR069; 2 means the provisionCode of the ACS server mentioned by TR069.
As this post is getting longer, For DHCP example and monitoring commands. I will cover in next post.
3 comments:
The one large feature missing in this router is that it can not act as a DNS Server. I find this to be a major lack as without this feature, you cannot resolve the names of local computers.
Really appreciate this wonderful post that you have provided for us.Great site and a great topic as well i really get amazed to read this. Its really good. fastest wifi router
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